河南工业大学学报（社会科学版）

作为数字经济时代的重要生产要素，数据要素在企业数智化升级过程中发挥着重要作用，能够有效赋能企业新质生产力的形成与发展。基于2015—2023年A股上市公司统计数据，研究通过实证方法系统分析了数据要素对企业新质生产力的作用机制。结果显示，数据要素对企业新质生产力具有显著促进作用，且该结果通过一系列稳健性检验。进一步的机制检验表明，其促进作用主要通过提升企业数字技术应用能力与优化人力资本结构两条路径实现。异质性分析表明，对不同产权和不同地区的企业，数据要素对企业新质生产力水平的促进是一致的，但对中部地区企业和非国有企业，数据要素的赋能作用更为明显。研究结论对于进一步推动数据要素赋能企业新质生产力的培育和发展具有重要启示。

As a critical production factor in the digital economy era,data elements significantly contribute to the digital and intelligent transformation of enterprises,effectively enhancing the formation and development of new quality productivity. Utilizing statistical data from A-share listed companies between 2015 and 2023,this study conducted a systematic analysis of the mechanisms through which data elements influence the new quality productivity of enterprises using empirical methods. The findings reveal that data elements have a substantial positive impact on new quality productivity,a result that has been confirmed through various robustness tests.Further analysis of underlying mechanisms indicates that this positive effect is primarily realized through two pathways: strengthening the application of digital technology and optimizing the structure of human capital.Heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that the impact of data elements on new quality productivity is consistent across enterprises with different property rights and in various regions. However,the influence of data elements is more pronounced for enterprises located in the central region and for non-state-owned enterprises.These research findings carry significant implications for further promoting the cultivation and enhancement of new quality productivity driven by data elements within enterprises.